Understanding What General Aviation Is in One Article

Ever since the General Office of the State Council issued the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Development of the General Aviation Industry" in 2016, "general aviation" has frequently appeared in news reports across various media like a fresh new term. When it comes to what general aviation is, not to mention people outside the industry, even many civil aviation practitioners may not be able to explain it clearly. Today, the author will discuss with everyone what general aviation is, and welcomes everyone to express their opinions for exchange.

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The Definition and Connotation Boundaries of General Aviation

The core word of general aviation is aviation, and aviation is flight activity, soGeneral aviation isa certain type offlight activity。

General aviation is a borrowed translated term, in English it is General Aviation, abbreviated as GA. In mainland China it is directly translated as "general aviation", while in the Taiwan region of China it is translated as "general aviation". The author believes that the translation by Taiwan scholars is closer to the Chinese meaning, more faithful and expressive, and there will be more specific discussion below.

Search general aviation on Baidu, and we will find a large pile of explanations and definitions, some about industrial aviation, some about agricultural and forestry spraying, some about public service aircraft, some about low-altitude airspace reform, some about general airports, some about small aircraft manufacturing, some about helicopter sightseeing tourism......, complex and varied, the more you look the more confused you get. So in this situation, there is only one path left: returning to the source. Then the most authoritative and most fundamental explanation should be legal provisions. For this reason, let us look at the provisions in the "Civil Aviation Law of the People's Republic of China":

Article 5 of the 2018 amended version of the Civil Aviation Law stipulates: Civil aircraft referred to in this Law means aircraft other than those used for performing military, customs, and police flight tasks. Article 145 stipulates:General aviation means civil aviation activities using civil aircraft to engage in civil aviation activities other than public air transport.In this way we have clarified the major categories: general aviation and public air transport together constitute civil aviation, and civil aviation together with military, customs, and police flights constitutes our country's aviation activities. Civil aviation flight activities are subject to industry regulation by the Civil Aviation Administration of China, and the Chinese civil aviation laws and regulations system applies.

The position and scope of general aviation in our country's aviation system. General aviation and public air transport, as the two wings of civil aviation, together constitute our country's civil aviation.

Since general aviation means using civil aircraft to engage in civil aviation activities other than public air transport, then we need to look atpublic air transportwhat it is:

According to the "Operating Certification Rules for Large Aircraft Public Air Transport Carriers" (CCAR121-R6), public air transport has 3 types:

(1) Usemaximum takeoff weight exceeding 5700 kilograms'smulti-engine aircraftto implementscheduled passengertransport flights;

It should be noted that the three conditions in this clause are parallel, that is to say, if any one is missing, it is not public air transport. The characteristics are: first, the aircraft must be large, with a maximum takeoff weight of at least 5.7 tons; second, there must be at least two engines; third, it must be scheduled passenger flights with published flight schedules. Otherwise it belongs to general aviation.

(2) Usepassenger seat count exceeding 30 seatsormaximum payload exceeding 3400 kilograms'smulti-engine aircraftto implementNon-scheduled passenger carriagetransport flights;

This provision stipulates that if it is non-scheduled passenger flight, then the number of passenger seats must exceed 30 seats and it must be a multi-engine aircraft, or the maximum commercial load must exceed 3400 kilograms and it must be a multi-engine aircraft. Otherwise, it belongs to general aviation.

(3) Usemaximum payload exceeding 3400 kilograms'smulti-engine aircraftAll-cargo transport flights carried out.

This provision stipulates cargo aviation, with two parallel conditions: the maximum commercial load exceeding 3400 kilograms and multi-engine aircraft must be satisfied simultaneously; those that do not satisfy this condition belong to general aviation. However, there is no requirement for scheduled operation.

Based on the above analysis, we can know that public air transport is the flight activities carried out by airlines such as Air China, China Eastern Airlines, and China Southern Airlines that we are familiar with and can see at civil airports. Apart from this type, the aviation flight types we can see, no matter how many types there are, all belong to general aviation. General aviation is aviation in the general sense, and public air transport is a special type of general aviation.

From this, we can know that general aviation is a type of aviation activity with complex categories and diverse types. It has nothing to do with aircraft size, and even less to do with runway length; it is merely a difference in the nature of the flight mission.

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Classification of general aviation types

So what specific flight types does general aviation have, and how is it classified? In terms of major categories, general aviation includes three types: commercial general aviation, non-commercial general aviation, and private aviation. Commercial general aviation refers to the type of flight activities carried out by enterprise legal persons that have obtained an operating license in accordance with industrial and commercial management regulations. As of the end of 2019, there were 478 general aviation enterprises that had obtained general aviation operating licenses. Non-commercial general aviation mostly refers to flight activities carried out by government or public institution legal persons, as well as some enterprise legal persons registered not for the purpose of commercial operation. For example, the First Rescue Flight Team of the Ministry of Transport in the South China Sea, the China Civil Aviation Flight Calibration Center, and the Second Surveying and Mapping Institute of Hebei Province all carry out flight activities for public welfare purposes. As of the end of 2019, there were a total of 16 units registered for non-commercial general aviation. Private aviation is like a private car: aircraft are purchased in a private name and used for family or personal flight activities. At present, due to the influence of the domestic environment and policies, private aviation is almost nonexistent.

Among the three types of general aviation, commercial general aviation is currently the main type of general aviation activity in our country.

Commercial general aviation is also divided into many types. After reviewing materials and analyzing them, the author finds that there are currently three classification methods stipulated by official laws and regulations:

※First, the current version of the Provisions on the Administration of General Aviation Operating Licenses divides commercial general aviation into four categories, A, B, C, and D, totaling 26 types.

For commercial general aviation, the qualification requirements for obtaining Category A are the highest, while the requirements for Category D are the lowest, and the degree of safety supervision also decreases accordingly.

※Second, in the revised version of the Provisions on the Administration of General Aviation Operating Licenses that took effect on January 1, 2021, commercial operations are divided into passenger-carrying, person-carrying, and other categories.

For commercial general aviation, the requirements for obtaining the passenger-carrying category are the highest, and the degree of safety supervision is also the highest.

※Third, according to the Opinions on Promoting the Orderly Development of General Aviation Airports issued by the National Development and Reform Commission and the Civil Aviation Administration of China in 2018, general aviation is divided into 5 types: transport, social public service, consumer, training, and operations.

For commercial general aviation, it is mainly used to guide the planning and positioning of general aviation airports.

No matter which classification method is used, the specific types of general aviation remain these; there is no specific change. In the future, with the progress of technology and changes in production methods, new types of general aviation flights may appear.

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Inventory of specific types of general aviation

Ø General aviation charter flights

General aviation charter flights include charter flights in the narrow sense and general aviation short-haul transport.

Charter flights in the narrow sense refer to general aviation enterprises using civil aircraft with 30 seats or fewer (excluding primary category aircraft), and providing non-scheduled passenger and cargo mail transport services for users according to the time, starting point, and destination determined in the written contract signed with the user. Such services do not sell tickets to the general public, do not publish flight schedules in advance, and determine flight frequency according to need.

At present, the development of charter flight business in China is mainly concentrated in business aviation companies, that is, airlines that use large aircraft (mostly business jets) to carry out customized travel modes. At present, there are 18 business aviation companies operating in China. For example, King Deer (Beijing) Business Aviation Co., Ltd. uses Gulfstream 550 aircraft and Gulfstream 450 aircraft to carry out charter flights. Business aviation is openly operated; one only needs to log in to the homepage to place an order or place an order by phone, which is convenient and quick.

Services provided on the homepage of King Deer Business Aviation Company.

Partial price list for charter travel

General aviation short-haul transport refers to scheduled passenger flights carried out using civil aircraft with 30 seats or fewer, selling tickets to the general public and publishing flight schedules in advance. At present, there are more than 70 general aviation companies in China with the qualifications and capabilities to carry out general aviation short-haul transport, especially in areas with underdeveloped ground transportation such as Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Heilongjiang, and Yunnan.

The Huangshan-Jiande short-haul route opened by Xingfu General Aviation, with tickets sold publicly on Ctrip.

The King Air 350 aircraft used on the "Around Shandong Flight" route recently opened in Shandong Province.

Interior of the King Air 350 aircraft

Schematic diagram of the Around Shandong Flight route; all short-haul routes use transport airports, and there is no necessary connection between general aviation and general aviation airports.

Types and quantities of general aviation aircraft involved in national short-haul transport routes

Flight hours of various aircraft types conducting short-haul transport

Ø Oil services

General aviation oil services refer to flight service activities such as personnel and material transport, aerial hoisting, aerial firefighting, and search and rescue conducted using civil aircraft between the operation sites of oil exploration and development and the logistics support bases.

Offshore oil work platforms

China has many offshore oil drilling platforms. The traditional method is for workers to travel to the platforms by ship. On the one hand, the travel time by ship is relatively long; on the other hand, after the bumpy ride on the ship, the workers are exhausted, making it difficult to carry out high-quality work after entering the platform. Thus, helicopter oil services emerged as the times required.

Helicopters load and unload cargo on oil drilling platforms.

At present in China, there are mainly three general aviation companies conducting offshore oil operations: China Southern Airlines General Aviation Co., Ltd., CITIC Offshore Helicopter Co., Ltd., and China General Aviation Co., Ltd. In the industry, this is jokingly called the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" of general aviation oil services, mainly using heavy helicopters such as EC225, AS332, and S92 valued at more than 100 million yuan each to carry out work.

Ø Helicopter pilotage

Helicopter pilotage uses civil helicopters to transport pilots between ships and ports.

Helicopter pilotage mainly serves full-time pilotage institutions at large coastal ports, exercises pilotage sovereignty on behalf of the state, is responsible for enforcing compulsory pilotage on foreign-flagged vessels entering and leaving ports, and accepts applications from ocean-going and offshore shipping companies to provide pilotage services. Pilotage work plays an important role in ensuring the safe navigation of vessels, improving port operation efficiency, and maintaining navigation order. Helicopter pilotage by pilots is nearly 10 times more efficient than vessel pilotage.

Helicopter pilotage operations at Qingdao Port

The specific method of helicopter pilotage is: the helicopter carrying the pilot takes off from the base, flies to the vessel to be piloted, and hovers above the bridge at a height controlled between 3 meters and 10 meters. The helicopter maintains a speed the same as the vessel's sailing speed, uses a winch and cable to lower the pilot onto the ship, or hoist the pilot from the ship into the helicopter cabin, transfer them to another ship requiring pilotage, or fly back to the base.

Helicopter pilotage price: for cargo ships with a deadweight tonnage below 100,000 tons, it is 10,000 RMB per trip; for those with a deadweight tonnage above 100,000 tons, it is 20,000 RMB per trip.

Ø Medical rescue

Medical rescue refers to flight activities carried out using civil aircraft equipped with dedicated medical rescue equipment to provide emergency treatment to patients.

Western General Aviation provides helicopter medical rescue services for the Beijing area

Interior of a medical rescue helicopter

There is no essential difference between medical rescue helicopters and ground ambulances; both are cases of transportation tools applied to the medical industry.

The interior of a medical rescue helicopter and the interior of a ground ambulance are almost identically configured.

At present, there are mainly two companies in China conducting general aviation medical rescue: Shanghai Kinghope General Aviation Co., Ltd. and 999 Air Rescue Co., Ltd., both of which also use relatively expensive twin-engine heavy helicopters. Kinghope General Aviation has 51 helicopters, and 999 Company has 6 helicopters.

Kinghope Aviation's rescue helicopter

Ø Commercial, private, and sport pilot license training

License training uses civil aircraft to carry out flight activities for the purpose of mastering flight piloting skills and obtaining a commercial pilot license, private pilot license, or sport pilot license, including normal instructional flights, instructor-led flights, and student solo flights under the guidance of an instructor, but excluding proficiency flights.

Flight license training is just like car driver's license training; there is no essential difference.Sport pilot license training,mainly refers to licenses for piloting sport aircraft, mostly for carrying out aviation sports and experience flights, including 5 categories: primary aircraft, small aircraft, gliders, free balloons, and gyroplanes. At present, obtaining a sport pilot license requires only 60,000-70,000 yuan;Private pilot license training,abbreviated as private license, similar to the C1 license for private cars, obtained after training at a formal flight training school and passing the assessment, but one may not engage in flight activities of a commercial paid nature;Commercial pilot license training, abbreviated as commercial licensesimilar to the driver's licenses obtained by taxi, ride-hailing, and full-time drivers, which allow commercial operations; for example, helicopter pilots for low-altitude sightseeing tours hold this type of license.

Students and training grounds of Civil Aviation Flight University of China

There is no essential difference between a car training ground and a flight training ground

There is no essential difference between a car training ground and a flight training ground

Flight license training ground, image source: internet.

Flight license training flight hours in East China civil aviation in recent years, showing a state of rapid growth

Ø Aerial sightseeing

Aerial sightseeing refers to flight activities using civil aircraft to carry tourists for the purpose of viewing and sightseeing.

Aerial sightseeing project for aerial overlooking of the Great Wall

Currently, there are 111 general aviation companies nationwide conducting aerial sightseeing, mostly using small aircraft, with durations ranging from 15 minutes to one hour, and prices mostly in the hundreds of yuan. The annual aerial sightseeing hours are above 70,000, and it is growing at a rate of more than 40% per year.

Aerial sightseeing projects conducted using hot air balloons

Ø Helicopter external load flight

Helicopter external load flight refers to flight activities such as lifting and hoisting carried out using civil helicopters as lifting platforms.

Helicopter external load flight is generally carried out in areas with complex operating environments. Since operating areas often appear above densely populated areas, above water surfaces, in plateau mountainous areas, in jungle areas, in Gobi deserts, etc., ground operations are inconvenient. High-performance helicopters are mostly used, and during operations the crew must also fully consider the model's ceiling, single-engine performance, and the impact of regional weather changes on helicopter performance, etc. Currently, only 9 companies in China have the qualifications to carry out the business. Annual operating hours are about 500 hours.

Mi-26 helicopter hoisting a regional passenger aircraft

Ø Artificial precipitation

Artificial precipitation is a flight activity that uses civil aircraft to spray catalysts into cloud layers to promote precipitation when cloud precipitation conditions are insufficient; or uses aircraft to spray heat-absorbing substances onto snow and ice covering the ground to raise the temperature of the snow and ice, thereby promoting the melting of snow and ice.

General aviation aircraft spraying silver iodide operations

Currently, there are 16 general aviation companies nationwide conducting artificial precipitation, with annual operating flights of about 10,000 hours.

Ø Aerial mineral exploration

Aerial mineral exploration is the abbreviation of airborne geophysical exploration. It refers to flight activities that use civil aircraft equipped with or carrying specialized detection instruments to measure changes in various physical fields of the Earth (magnetic field, electromagnetic field, gravity field, radioactive field, etc.) from the air, so as to understand underground geological conditions and mineral distribution.

Currently, there are 12 general aviation companies nationwide conducting aerial mineral exploration, with annual operating flights of about 6,000 hours.

Helicopter carrying special instruments for mineral exploration flights

Ø Aerial photography

Aerial photography is the use of civil aircraft as carriers, equipped with sensors such as aerial cameras, multispectral scanners, imaging spectrometers, and microwave instruments (microwave radiometers, scatterometers, synthetic aperture side-looking radars) to observe the ground, obtain information on the Earth's surface reflection, radiation, and scattered electromagnetic wave characteristics, and is used for flight activities such as producing topographic maps at various scales and resource surveys.

Currently, there are 88 general aviation companies nationwide conducting aerial photography, with annual operating flights of about 17,000 hours.

Aerial photography operations for urban topographic maps

Ø Marine monitoring

Marine monitoring uses civil aircraft equipped with or carrying specialized instruments to conduct aerial monitoring, investigation, evidence collection, and other flight activities regarding the use of marine resources in territorial seas and exclusive economic zones and marine pollution conditions.

Currently, there are 3 general aviation companies nationwide conducting marine monitoring, with annual operating flights of about 500 hours.

Marine monitoring operations of the China Maritime Surveillance Corps

Ø Fishery Flight

Fishery flight refers to flight activities such as monitoring, investigation, and evidence collection conducted using civil aircraft equipped with or carrying specialized instruments to assess the distribution and utilization of fishery resources.

Currently, there are a total of 2 general aviation enterprises nationwide conducting marine monitoring, with annual operational flight hours of approximately 236 hours.

Ø Urban Firefighting

Urban firefighting refers to flight activities such as aerial liquid spraying for firefighting and personnel rescue on high-rise buildings in cities using civil helicopters.

Currently, there are a total of 0 general aviation enterprises nationwide conducting urban firefighting; at present, it is mainly carried out part-time by police aviation teams in various regions.

Ø Aerial Patrol

Aerial patrol refers to flight activities such as aerial observation and monitoring of pre-designed areas and targets using civil aircraft equipped with or carrying specialized instruments.

Currently, there are a total of 72 general aviation enterprises nationwide conducting aerial patrols, with annual operational flight hours of approximately 28,000 hours.

Ø Power Operations　

Power operations are flight service activities using civil aircraft for power construction and transmission line maintenance, including transmission line infrastructure construction, assembly of transmission towers, stringing of pilot wires, transmission line cleaning, and live-line maintenance of transmission lines.

Currently, there are a total of 7 general aviation enterprises nationwide conducting power operations, with annual operational flight hours of approximately 3,000 hours.

Power Line Inspection Operations

Ø Aircraft Management

Aircraft management refers to the aircraft management and aviation professional services provided by general aviation enterprises for aircraft owners to carry out flight activities.

Currently, there are a total of 25 general aviation enterprises nationwide conducting aircraft management, with annual operational flight hours of approximately 20,000 hours.

Ø Skydiving Flight Services

Skydiving flight services are flight service activities using civil aircraft to transport skydivers to designated airspace.

Currently, there are a total of 11 general aviation enterprises nationwide conducting skydiving flight services, with annual operational flight hours of approximately 10,000 hours.

Bases available on Ctrip that can provide high-altitude skydiving, along with specific prices and service items

Ø Aviation Forest Protection

Aviation forest protection refers to forest firefighting flight activities carried out using civil aircraft and equipped with specialized instruments and equipment and professional personnel for the purpose of protecting forest resources, including patrol flights, rappelling firefighting, airborne firefighting, liquid spraying firefighting, and bucket firefighting.

Currently, there are a total of 42 general aviation enterprises nationwide conducting aviation forest protection services, with annual operational flight hours of approximately 20,000 hours.

Forest protection operational flights of the Southern Forest Protection General Station

Ø Aerial Spraying (Seeding)

Aerial spraying (seeding) refers to flight activities using civil aircraft and equipped with specialized spraying (seeding) equipment or devices to spray mist or spread liquid or solid dry materials from the air to ground targets according to specific technical requirements.

Currently, there are a total of 74 general aviation enterprises nationwide conducting aerial spraying (seeding), with annual operational flight hours of approximately 40,000 hours.

Helicopter spraying of agricultural chemicals

Ø Aerial Photography

Aerial photography refers to flight activities using civil aircraft as a carrying platform and professional equipment such as cinematography, video recording, and cameras to capture aerial image materials for film and television production, news reporting, and competition broadcasting.

Currently, there are a total of 35 general aviation enterprises nationwide conducting aerial photography, with about 1000 flight hours per year.

Ø Aerial advertising

Aerial advertising is an advertising and promotional flight activity conducted in the air using civil aviation aircraft, including aircraft (seat) body advertising, airplane banner towing advertising, aerial smoke advertising, etc.

Currently, there are a total of 70 general aviation enterprises nationwide conducting aerial advertising, with about 2600 flight hours per year.

Aircraft advertising

Ø Scientific experiments

Scientific experiments are flight activities that use civil aviation aircraft as carrying platforms to provide an aerial environment for conducting various scientific experiments.

Currently, there are a total of 34 general aviation enterprises nationwide conducting scientific experiments, with about 2300 flight hours per year.

Ø Meteorological detection

Meteorological detection is a flight activity that uses civil aviation aircraft as carrying platforms, equipped with relevant professional equipment to detect and measure atmospheric physics, atmospheric chemistry, and meteorological phenomena.

Currently, there are a total of 3 general aviation enterprises nationwide conducting meteorological detection, with about 2000 flight hours per year.

Ø Aviation performance flights

Aviation performance flights are flight activities conducted using civil aviation aircraft for the purpose of demonstrating aircraft performance and flying skills, popularizing aviation knowledge, and satisfying audience appreciation.

Currently, there are a total of 6 general aviation enterprises nationwide conducting aviation performance flights, with less than 100 flight hours per year.

Ø Personal recreational flights

Personal recreational flights refer to flight activities conducted by holders of pilot licenses who rent aircraft from general aviation enterprises to maintain and improve flying skills and experience the joy of flying.

Currently, there are a total of 14 general aviation enterprises nationwide conducting personal recreational flights, with less than 2700 flight hours per year.

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Future outlook for general aviation

※As a solutiontransportation functiongeneral aviation charter flights and short-haul transportation will usher in a wave of great development. In order to make general aviation rapidly popular, many regions will basically choose to open one or two short-haul routes with a demonstrative role. But from a long-term perspective, charter flights and short-haul transportation have regional differences. Charter flights, due to higher thresholds and higher prices, will mainly be concentrated at civil aviation transport airports such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen, providing travel services for high-net-worth individuals. Short-haul transportation will be concentrated in areas with underdeveloped ground transportation such as Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Yunnan, and islands. The market potential for short-haul transportation in the eastern plains is insufficient, and it mostly exists in the form of experience flights.

General aviation flight hours and growth rates over the years

Operational flight hours and growth rates, mainly referring to traditional industrial, agricultural, and forestry operational flights

※Traditionalindustrial, agricultural, and forestry production operationswill face a growth bottleneck. General aviation has the longest application time in industrial, agricultural, and forestry production operations, but from data analysis, in recent years the growth rate of traditional operational flight hours has slowed and tended to stabilize, and there has even been negative growth in between. This is mainly because the industrial, agricultural, and forestry operations market is a stock market, with no new cultivated land or forest land, and flight operations will have a ceiling effect. Moreover, farmland in Henan, Shandong, Anhui, and other places is distributed to households, and the degree of concentration is not high, which is also not conducive to carrying out aviation activities; on the other hand, the rise of drone plant protection in recent years has made traditional aircraft no longer have operational advantages. In the future, the growth of the industrial, agricultural, and forestry production operations market will be relatively limited.

※asServing social publicgeneral aviation flights will be the type of current key development. According to the experience of developed countries, the development of general aviation must go through the operational market, the public service market, and finally the private consumption market. The public service general aviation flight stage is a stage that cannot be skipped. The development of general aviation requires government agencies to stir up market enthusiasm through the purchase of services, while cultivating competitive market entities. Especially with the acceleration of China's urbanization process, the demand for general aviation public services that provide services from a three-dimensional perspective is also constantly increasing. In East China, the urban public service flight hours in 2016 were only 63 hours, and by 2019 they reached 7500 hours, with huge growth potential. General aviation airports around developed cities such as provincial capitals should pay special attention to carrying out public service general aviation business.

Public service general aviation flight hours in East China

※asLicense Traininggeneral aviation flights andConsumer categoryGeneral aviation flight will usher in explosive development. License training is just like the automobile driver's license training of that year. Our country has a huge population base, nurturing a large number of aviation enthusiasts, and private license training has gone from 200,000 at the beginning to 100,000 later, and then to the current 60,000, and will continue to decrease in the future. The distance between flight and the masses is getting closer and closer. Once it moves toward the general public, the development speed will grow exponentially. Likewise, consumer general aviation will develop rapidly in the form of tourism projects, and consumer general aviation is growing at a rate of about 60% each year. At present, in our country's general aviation flight hours, consumer general aviation, mainly private and recreational flying, accounts for only 1%, while in the United States, after many years of development, general aircraft used for consumer purposes account for about 60% of the total, and consumer flight hours such as personal recreational flying and aviation sports exceed 70% of the total general aviation flight hours in the United States. The future development of consumer general aviation in our country can be expected. General aviation investment groups and cultural tourism groups should lay out in advance and develop cultural tourism projects with general aviation characteristics. Seize the market.

License training flight hours in East China

Consumer aviation flight hours in our country

Five

General aviation industry

Through the above analysis, we know what general aviation is. Similarly, the general aviation industry is an industrial form with general aviation as its core. That is to say, the general aviation industry and general aviation are two concepts, one is an industry, and the other is flight activity.

In 2016, Guoban Fa No. 38 pointed out:General aviation industryis based ongeneral aviation flight activitiesas the core, covering general aviation aircraftR&D and manufacturing、Market operations、Comprehensive support and extended servicesand other strategic emerging industry systems across the entire industrial chain, with characteristics such as a long industrial chain, a wide service field, and strong driving effects.

Similarly, the R&D and manufacturing of general aviation aircraft (airplanes, helicopters, drones, etc.) is also an upstream link serving general aviation, and needs to be driven by the core demand of general aviation flight activities; general airports and low-altitude flight service stations are the infrastructure that guarantees general general aviation flight activities, and belong to the content of comprehensive support; cultural tourism projects with general aviation flight as the theme, as an extended industry, have great added value...... The above together constitute the general aviation industry, which accepts the supervision of industry authorities and governments at all levels.

General aviation industry